Optimum sowing density: 400–450 germinated grains per m².
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
Basic soil cultivation
Depending on the prerequisites, soil properties and weather conditions, we recommend that the basic treatment be carried out at a depth of up to 30 cm.
Sowing
It is recommended that sowing be done during the optimal period, from October 5 to 25, depending on the production region and weather conditions.
The usual sowing norm is 450 germinating grains/m2, which would amount to about 200 kg/ha under conditions for good soil preparation and sowing during the optimal period. If the sowing conditions are not in accordance with the recommendation (poorly prepared plot, delay in sowing), the quantity of seeds should be increased by 10%.
Nutrition of wheat
Complex mineral fertilizers are used for basic fertilization, and the amount of application depends on soil analysis and planned yield. Basic fertilization should be done before basic cultivation. This provides wheat with basic plant nutrients at the depth where the largest root mass develops. For wheat nutrition, 120-160 kg/ha of nitrogen, 60-100 kg/ha of phosphorus and 80-100 kg/ha of potassium should be applied. These amounts ensure a good wheat yield while the soil is not depleted. The entire amount of phosphorus, potassium, and necessarily 1/3 of the planned amount of nitrogen must be entered before basic treatment.
Use the rest of the nitrogen for fertilizing. It is recommended that wheat feed with nitrogen be conducted according to two phases: the first feeding in early spring, and the second during intensive crop growth. The amount of nitrogen for top dressing is determined based on the N-min method.
If the amount of nitrogen to be applied during the spring is greater than 100 kg/ha, then that amount must be divided into two parts (70% the first time and 30% the second time). UREA can be used for the first feeding, and KAN or AN for the second feeding.
If there is a lack of nutrients during the growing season, foliar feeding should be applied. Foliar feeding can be performed once or several times during the growing season. To increase the yield and quality of wheat grains, we recommend using one of the offered products:
- Wuxal® Super (3–4 l/ha)
- Asfert Univerzal (2–3 kg/ha)
- Asfert 2 (2–3 kg/ha)
- The time of application is from tillering to earing.
- Wuxal® Microplant is used exclusively in tillering (2 l/ha).
Weed protection
Depending on the weed population and treatment time, we recommend the following preparations:
- Amanet 1.2 l/ha for the control of narrow–leaved weeds (from the middle of tillering to the beginning of jointing);
- Strabon 1 l/ha for the control of broad–leaved weeds (from the middle of tillering until the emergence of large leaves) or
- Tribufen 20 g/ha + ES Plus 0.2 l/ha for the control of broad–leaved weeds (from the middle of tillering to the second nod).
Protection against disease
Diseases cause great damage, lead to a decrease in yield and a drop in grain quality. During wheat production, today two treatments represent the optimum:
- The first treatment to control the cause of tree leaf diseases (leaf rust, powdery mildew, spotting), using the product Unify, in the amount of 0.8 l/ha.
- The second treatment is carried out at the beginning of wheat flowering in order to suppress the cause of blight (Fusarium spp), using the preparation Postulat, in the amount of 0.8 l/ha.
Note: in years favorable for the development of wheat diseases, during the large leaf phase, we recommend the application of Image fungicide in the amount of 0.7 l/ha. With this treatment, we additionally keep under control the causes of leaf diseases, we physiologically increase resistance to stress, which is reflected in the more intense color of the leaves and the longer period of grain filling.
Pest protection
The most common pests that occur on wheat are grain leech – lemma, aphids, grain bugs and thrips. For their suppression, the preparation Plures is used in the amount of 0.3–0.5 l/ha after the formation of the first colonies.
